In this clip, we can clearly see that the representation of class and ethnicity is shown via the use of binary opposition. This is enhanced and portrayed via the use of camera, editing, sound and mise en scene.
The audience is first introduced to a hotel worker as he is suprised by two police officers dressed in uniform. As the audience we instantly recognise their significance as their uniform represents their power due to the nature of their job. In contrast to this, the worker is in a simple plain uniform, which although, should be associated with high class, compared to the power of the officers the worker seems of very little significance and of little class. This is shown via the use of digetic sound, as when the worker asks the officers if they are "allright", they reply that they are there to "stop anyone from getting out". The use of this dialouge demonstrated that they are of higher class than the worker, as they have the power to control who leaves the building. It also shows the worker is of a lower class and less authority because he does not further question the officers of their presence. If he was of a higher class however, he may have decided to question the police further. Non-digetic music is also played which creates an uneasy atmosphere as it is quite fast paced and rhythmatic. This makes the audience anticipate that this is a build up for something to happen.
Following into the next scene, this non digetic music continues, but becomes even more upbeat as another instrument is added which resembles the sound of a song from a spy movie. This further makes the audience feel that something of significance is going to occur, and due to the fact that this music changes as new characters are introduced, makes them believe that it will include these characters. It also makes the audience feel slightly negatively towards the immigration worker as the music creates a tense atomosphere between him and the reception worker. The use of mise en scene is used to also show a comparison between class and ethnicity. The main immigration worker wears a plain jumper and jacket, whilst the two men who accompany him are in a suit and tie. This questions who is the leader as we as the audience would expect them to be of higher class than the first immigration officer, however they are not which questions our believes of authority and what represents who is of higher class. The lighting in the reception is quite bright and a mixture of artificial and natural lighting, and the mise en scene shows to be of a posh area as there is a chandellier hanging from the ceilling which are known to be expensive. Therefore anyone associated with this scene would be considered to be in a high class and clean environment.
In comparison to this, when we are first introduced to Jackie, she appears to be hidden away below the floor of reception in a darkend office. Even though she is in a suit and appears to be of high authority as the two workers go to her to inform her, the fact she is in a darken room on a lower floor level represent that she is of a lower class. As she does not have the luxuries that we see in the reception such as a chanellier as lighting, but instead has simple lamps as use of light. The audience can see that she is a person of importance as she demonstrated leadership by warning the illegal workers that immigration has arrived. The use of digetic sound enables the audience to see that she can speak a variety of languages which shows she is highly educated which proves her to be of high status as she ushers the workers to get to the store cupboard. As the workers reach the store cupboard, the camera is positioned behind a metal grid. This appears to be like looking in on the scene from "behind bars" and gives the audience the feeling of hiding away, as if they themselves are trying to hide from the immigration officers. By making the audience feel threatend by the officers, they are made to feel scared and worried for the workers because they do not wish for them to get caught. The use of editing of cross cutting from the immigration workers to illegal workers creates a divide between high class and lower class. The immigration officers have longer screen time in which they seem calm and relaxed, where as the immigration workers have little time of screen yet the pace is fast and quick and they appear to be rushing to safety. This makes people of high class seem care free whilst those of lower class, in this case the immigration workers seem busy and frantic about their lives.
During the time in the store room, the use of camera enables the audience to create more of a connection with the characters. A zoom shot onto the faces of the people in the room clearly shows that they are worried and scared. This tells the audience that they are fearful of the immigration workers and know that they have high authority to take them away which portrays the immigration workers as antagonists. Whilst the workers in this clip are portrayed as the protagonists by being shown as vulnerable in the store room. A zoom is also used to show the face of Jackie as she realises that Ibrahim is missing. This use of camera allows the audience to clearly see that Jackie is concerned at the fact that Ibrahim is not in the room, and demonstrates that she is the leader of everyone in the room as she feels realible for everyone there. Her clothes are also very different from the workers in the room. Jackie wears a suit with a red shirt which makes her stand out as bold and brave, where as the workers are in uniform which appears to be dull in colour and very bland. This choice of costume represents the workers as if they are slaves or prisoners due to wearing similar clothes and being in the same position.
At the end of the clip, whilst Jackie clears out Ibrahim's locker,the non-digetic sound of slow and mornful soft drums is played. The audience can clearly see the faces of the workers which are sad and in sorrow. Mixed with the non-digetic music, the audience are made to feel sympathy towards Ibrahim and the workers as they are sadden by the fact he was captured. This juxtaposes the fact that in reality, people would usually support the work that immigration workers do. However in this clip, the audience are made to feel the opposite towards them, and side with the illegal workers. Therefore challenging societies views on illegal workers and immigration officers. The audience are also made to consider that even though the illegal workers appear to be of equal class and status, there is still a seperation between them in terms of race. This is shown by the use of a pan shot whilst they eat in the canteen. As there is a different, but same, ethnicity on each individual table, clearly showing a divide between them.
Overall this clip challenges the audiences views on immigration workers and illegal immigrants in terms of who is the antagonist and who is the protagonist. Where in society the audience may see the immigration officers as the protangonists, in this clip they are persuaded to believe that the illegal workers are the protangonists and the immigration workers the antagonists. Class and race is clearly defined as a binary opposition as there is a clear divide between who is of high class and lower class as well as a seperation between ethnic groups.
Monday, 10 December 2012
Wednesday, 5 December 2012
How to write about sound
How to write about sound:
1. Remember that there are two types of sound. Digetic and non-digetic. Digetic is sound that can be heard by the characters as well as the audience such as dialouge or an action such as a door closing. This can also be music which is playing from a radio that the characters would recognise. Non-digetic sound is that in which only the audience would be able to hear. This may be music that has been added to a scene which wouldn't be played to the characters.
2. Pick out key points of any dialouge that could relate to the clip based on what representation you have to write about. For example if the representation is age, and a character said something in relation to this, then use it as an example of sound.
3. Listen for any music that is added to a scene. Music is added to create emotions during certain scenes. Remember that generally certain types of music are chosen for certain particular types of scenes. An action film tends to have fast rhythmatic music, whilst romantic films have more orchestrial pieces playing.
How sound is used to represent age in this clip:
In this clip, both digetic and non-digetic sound is used represent age via the use of binary opposites. When the scene begins with a young boy who is getting ready in a changing room. During this time, non-digetic music is played which almost sounds like a heartbeat as a drum is played in a steady rhythem. The music also seems quite mysterious and doesn't really give away much about what is going to happen, so may have been used to entice the audience into wanting to find out what is going to happen. However the music is quite mellow and mysterious. As the boy is shown to be on his own, this signifies that he might be feeling alone and in a different world from everyone else as the music takes the audience into a calm state. This would represent this boy as being young and vulnerable to the outside world.
Digetic sound is also used to represent age in this clip. One scene which shows this is when Harry walks out of the changing rooms to join the rest of the class. The sound of laughter and comments such as "skinny" and "piggy". These are comments that are not nice and would be considered as bullying. People responding with laughter seems immature and maybe classed as stereotypical for someone of this age group to do in society. As a result of these comments, Harry goes under water and remains there. During this time non-digetic sounds of random fuzzy sea like noises are played as well as muffled sounds of voices. This demonstrates that Harry is trying to escape from the voices he hears and block them out, whilst the sea noises create an eerie atmosphere to the scene, or the feeling of being alone and in a spacious place. The use of this sound makes the audience feel what Harry would want to feel. Which would be the feeling of being able to block out what we don't want to hear. This shows the pressure that Harry faces as a young boy, and how he feels he has to escape being bullied. He may represent many other young people like Harry who find being bullied difficult. And that some young people feel pressured by others even of the same age group.
1. Remember that there are two types of sound. Digetic and non-digetic. Digetic is sound that can be heard by the characters as well as the audience such as dialouge or an action such as a door closing. This can also be music which is playing from a radio that the characters would recognise. Non-digetic sound is that in which only the audience would be able to hear. This may be music that has been added to a scene which wouldn't be played to the characters.
2. Pick out key points of any dialouge that could relate to the clip based on what representation you have to write about. For example if the representation is age, and a character said something in relation to this, then use it as an example of sound.
3. Listen for any music that is added to a scene. Music is added to create emotions during certain scenes. Remember that generally certain types of music are chosen for certain particular types of scenes. An action film tends to have fast rhythmatic music, whilst romantic films have more orchestrial pieces playing.
How sound is used to represent age in this clip:
In this clip, both digetic and non-digetic sound is used represent age via the use of binary opposites. When the scene begins with a young boy who is getting ready in a changing room. During this time, non-digetic music is played which almost sounds like a heartbeat as a drum is played in a steady rhythem. The music also seems quite mysterious and doesn't really give away much about what is going to happen, so may have been used to entice the audience into wanting to find out what is going to happen. However the music is quite mellow and mysterious. As the boy is shown to be on his own, this signifies that he might be feeling alone and in a different world from everyone else as the music takes the audience into a calm state. This would represent this boy as being young and vulnerable to the outside world.
Digetic sound is also used to represent age in this clip. One scene which shows this is when Harry walks out of the changing rooms to join the rest of the class. The sound of laughter and comments such as "skinny" and "piggy". These are comments that are not nice and would be considered as bullying. People responding with laughter seems immature and maybe classed as stereotypical for someone of this age group to do in society. As a result of these comments, Harry goes under water and remains there. During this time non-digetic sounds of random fuzzy sea like noises are played as well as muffled sounds of voices. This demonstrates that Harry is trying to escape from the voices he hears and block them out, whilst the sea noises create an eerie atmosphere to the scene, or the feeling of being alone and in a spacious place. The use of this sound makes the audience feel what Harry would want to feel. Which would be the feeling of being able to block out what we don't want to hear. This shows the pressure that Harry faces as a young boy, and how he feels he has to escape being bullied. He may represent many other young people like Harry who find being bullied difficult. And that some young people feel pressured by others even of the same age group.
Monday, 3 December 2012
How to write about editing
When first having to write about editing, make sure that you fully watch the clip to ensure you see all the different types of edting used. Editing is one of the hardest things to write about in an exam, so try and really pick out every bit of editing you see during the clip.
1. Learn the different types of editing that can be used and why each of these are used.
2. Definitions of key words are important to learn so that you can use them when writing your essay so gain more marks for use of vocabulary.
3.Always include continutity editing as it is generally always used in T.V dramas. Especially those that are British.
4. Remember to link the editing used to the representation. Such as why jump cuts may be used to represent age in a clip.
Cutting:
Cross-cutting: Cutting back and forth between two or more events or actions that are taking place at the same time but in different places. Cross-cutting is used to build suspense or to show how different pieces of the action are related.
Cut: An abrupt transition from one shot to another.
Cutaways: A cut away from the primary subject to something the filmmaker has decided is equally or more relevant at that time. Often cutaways consist of shots showing the reaction of one character to another. This is often used to compress time in what appears to be a seamless manner.
Freeze-Frame: At a chosen point in a scene, a particular frame is printed repeatedly, given the effect of halting or "freezing" the action.
Shot/Reverse cutting: A technique alternating over-the-shoulder shots showing different characters speaking. This is generally used in conversation scenes.
Jump Cut: A cut where two spliced shots do not match in terms of time or place. A jump cut gives the effect that the camera is literally jumping around.
Eye Line Match: A term used to point to the continuity editing practice ensuring the logic of the look or gaze. In other words, eyeline matching is based on the belief in mainstream cinema that when a character looks into off-screen space the spectator expects to see what he or she is looking at. Thus there will be a cut to show what is being looked at:
Ellipsis:An ellipsis is an apparent break in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story. The simplest way to maintain temporal continuity is to shoot and use all action involved in the story's supposed duration whether it be pertinent or not. It would also be necessary to shoot the whole film in one take in order to keep from having to edit together different shots, causing the viewer's temporal disorientation. However in a story which is to occupy many hours, days, or years, a viewer would have to spend too long watching the film. So although in many cases the ellipsis would prove necessary, elimination of it altogether would best preserve any film's temporal continuity.
Graphic Match: A match cut, also called a graphic match, is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which an object in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action and linking the two shots metaphorically.
Action Match: Cutting on action or matching on action refers to film editing and video editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action.
Transitions:
Dissolve: An overlapping transition between scenes where one image fades out as another fades in. Editors often use this to indicate a change in time and/or location.
Fade Out: A shot that starts at full exposure and gradually fades to black.
1. Learn the different types of editing that can be used and why each of these are used.
2. Definitions of key words are important to learn so that you can use them when writing your essay so gain more marks for use of vocabulary.
3.Always include continutity editing as it is generally always used in T.V dramas. Especially those that are British.
4. Remember to link the editing used to the representation. Such as why jump cuts may be used to represent age in a clip.
Cutting:
Cross-cutting: Cutting back and forth between two or more events or actions that are taking place at the same time but in different places. Cross-cutting is used to build suspense or to show how different pieces of the action are related.
Cut: An abrupt transition from one shot to another.
Cutaways: A cut away from the primary subject to something the filmmaker has decided is equally or more relevant at that time. Often cutaways consist of shots showing the reaction of one character to another. This is often used to compress time in what appears to be a seamless manner.
Freeze-Frame: At a chosen point in a scene, a particular frame is printed repeatedly, given the effect of halting or "freezing" the action.
Shot/Reverse cutting: A technique alternating over-the-shoulder shots showing different characters speaking. This is generally used in conversation scenes.
Jump Cut: A cut where two spliced shots do not match in terms of time or place. A jump cut gives the effect that the camera is literally jumping around.
Eye Line Match: A term used to point to the continuity editing practice ensuring the logic of the look or gaze. In other words, eyeline matching is based on the belief in mainstream cinema that when a character looks into off-screen space the spectator expects to see what he or she is looking at. Thus there will be a cut to show what is being looked at:
- object
- view
- another character
Ellipsis:An ellipsis is an apparent break in natural time continuity as it is implied in the film's story. The simplest way to maintain temporal continuity is to shoot and use all action involved in the story's supposed duration whether it be pertinent or not. It would also be necessary to shoot the whole film in one take in order to keep from having to edit together different shots, causing the viewer's temporal disorientation. However in a story which is to occupy many hours, days, or years, a viewer would have to spend too long watching the film. So although in many cases the ellipsis would prove necessary, elimination of it altogether would best preserve any film's temporal continuity.
Graphic Match: A match cut, also called a graphic match, is a cut in film editing between either two different objects, two different spaces, or two different compositions in which an object in the two shots graphically match, often helping to establish a strong continuity of action and linking the two shots metaphorically.
Action Match: Cutting on action or matching on action refers to film editing and video editing techniques where the editor cuts from one shot to another view that matches the first shot's action.
Transitions:
Dissolve: An overlapping transition between scenes where one image fades out as another fades in. Editors often use this to indicate a change in time and/or location.
Fade Out: A shot that starts at full exposure and gradually fades to black.
Friday, 30 November 2012
Editing Analysis
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In this clip, editing assists in the construction of representation of disability by using a range of editing methods. Near the beginning of the clip, there is a medium shot of a man sleeping, who appears to be disabled. From this scene to the next, a dissolve is used, which leads into a insert. This insert is shown in black and white and shows a variety of images that cut every 3 seconds. These clips include an explosion, representing the scientific creation of Earth, followed by shots of organisms, apes and lastly a cave man. These are all things that we would associate with the theory of evolution. Being in black and white, the clips are given an old and dull look. By showing the shot of the disabled man, and then clips of the theory of evolution, this may be portraying that he relates to being created by evolution. However, the last clip we see out of the evolution series is a caveman, which may be signifying that instead of fully becoming a human, the man has remained a 'caveman'. People may stereotype cavemen to be less smart and able as humans. Potentially referring to this disabled man in comparison to a caveman shows that people in society consider him less able than a human. The fact that these clips are also in black and white may be trying to indicate that this man is boring and bland as we would associate black and white to be quite dull colours.
In this clip, editing assists in the construction of representation of disability by using a range of editing methods. Near the beginning of the clip, there is a medium shot of a man sleeping, who appears to be disabled. From this scene to the next, a dissolve is used, which leads into a insert. This insert is shown in black and white and shows a variety of images that cut every 3 seconds. These clips include an explosion, representing the scientific creation of Earth, followed by shots of organisms, apes and lastly a cave man. These are all things that we would associate with the theory of evolution. Being in black and white, the clips are given an old and dull look. By showing the shot of the disabled man, and then clips of the theory of evolution, this may be portraying that he relates to being created by evolution. However, the last clip we see out of the evolution series is a caveman, which may be signifying that instead of fully becoming a human, the man has remained a 'caveman'. People may stereotype cavemen to be less smart and able as humans. Potentially referring to this disabled man in comparison to a caveman shows that people in society consider him less able than a human. The fact that these clips are also in black and white may be trying to indicate that this man is boring and bland as we would associate black and white to be quite dull colours.
Wednesday, 21 November 2012
Monday, 12 November 2012
Tuesday, 23 October 2012
Camera based on race/class clip
In a clip that I watched, I analysed the use of camera to show the differences of race and class.
The first thing that I noticed was the use of a long shot when three police officers step out of an elevator. We can see that two large males are placed in front of one man as they walk out of an elevator. Whilst the single man slowly walks in a almost carefree and continuous pace, the two men infront gradually get faster to capture the man. The fact that the single man doesn't help the two men capture him, shows that he is more of the leader and commander with a higher class because he has people working for him rather than doing anything himself. Again with these three men, when they first enter the building, the single man is in front with the other two men trailing behind him. This positioning that we can see via use of a over shoulder shot/long shot also gives us the impression that the single man is the leader as he has authority to enter the building first with confidence, whislt the other men are almost cowarding behing him at the desk waiting for a command.
One other camera use is how the camera pans during a certain part of the scene. During a time when the workers are penned into a staff room, the camera pans from right to left in a slow motion. This enables the audience to see the faces of the people in the room. Another way the camera does this is via the use of close ups on each of the characters in the shot. We can clearly see that there faces are worried, and this also gives us the chance to establish the classes and races in the clip. We can see during these camera shots that everybody is on the same level within the shot and is of different ethnic backgrounds and races. We can see that none of them clearly differ with class which shows that they are represented as equals because of the clothes that they are wearing and the situation they are in.
Another panning shot used is when the staff are eating at the dinner tables. As the camera pans from right to left, we can see that there is a different race/ethnic group on each table. This shows that even though they are all equal class, there is still a seperation between them and a division. It shows that even though they may be of the same class, this does not make them a group at a whole because of the divisions still between them.
The first thing that I noticed was the use of a long shot when three police officers step out of an elevator. We can see that two large males are placed in front of one man as they walk out of an elevator. Whilst the single man slowly walks in a almost carefree and continuous pace, the two men infront gradually get faster to capture the man. The fact that the single man doesn't help the two men capture him, shows that he is more of the leader and commander with a higher class because he has people working for him rather than doing anything himself. Again with these three men, when they first enter the building, the single man is in front with the other two men trailing behind him. This positioning that we can see via use of a over shoulder shot/long shot also gives us the impression that the single man is the leader as he has authority to enter the building first with confidence, whislt the other men are almost cowarding behing him at the desk waiting for a command.
One other camera use is how the camera pans during a certain part of the scene. During a time when the workers are penned into a staff room, the camera pans from right to left in a slow motion. This enables the audience to see the faces of the people in the room. Another way the camera does this is via the use of close ups on each of the characters in the shot. We can clearly see that there faces are worried, and this also gives us the chance to establish the classes and races in the clip. We can see during these camera shots that everybody is on the same level within the shot and is of different ethnic backgrounds and races. We can see that none of them clearly differ with class which shows that they are represented as equals because of the clothes that they are wearing and the situation they are in.
Another panning shot used is when the staff are eating at the dinner tables. As the camera pans from right to left, we can see that there is a different race/ethnic group on each table. This shows that even though they are all equal class, there is still a seperation between them and a division. It shows that even though they may be of the same class, this does not make them a group at a whole because of the divisions still between them.
Monday, 22 October 2012
Monday, 10 September 2012
Vocabulary
Binary opposites/opposition: This is a theory used in media which takes a pair of related terms or concepts that are opposite in meaning and shows how we as humans naturally compare the differences i.e Young and old, rich and poor.
Juxtaposition: an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especiall for comparison or contrast.
Semionics: Semiotics, also called semiotic studies or (in the Saussurean tradition) semiology, is the study of signs and sign processes (semiosis), indication, designation, likeness, analogy, metaphor, symbolism, signification, and communication. Semiotics is closely related to the field of linguistics, which, for its part, studies the structure and meaning of language more specifically.
Encode: When something is placed into an item that is either made to not be seen at first glance or to be made noticeable for a certain key point to be made or accomplished once noticed. Incoding can be a way of inserting a message in a hidden way.
Decoding: This is in relation to encoding. This is when something is looked at in high depth to understand its true meaning and to identify what each encoding piece is used for and why it may have been included in the way that is has.
Representation:
Representation refers to the construction in any medium (especially the mass media) of aspects of ‘reality’ such as people, places, objects, events, cultural identities and other abstract concepts. Such representations may be in speech or writing as well as still or moving pictures. The term refers to the processes involved as well as to its products. For instance, in relation to the key markers of identity - Class, Age, Gender and Ethnicity (the 'cage' of identity) - representation involves not only how identities are represented (or rather constructed) within the text but also how they are constructed in the processes of production and reception by people whose identities are also differentially marked in relation to such demographic factors.
Signifier: any material thing that signifies, e.g., words on a page, a facial expression, an image.
Signified: the concept that a signifier refers to.
Indexicl signifier: signs where the signifier is caused by the signified, e.g., smoke signifies fire.
Iconic signs: signs where the signifier resembles the signified, e.g., a picture.
Metonymy: a kind of connotation where in one sign is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.
Polysemic: is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) or signs to have multiple meanings (sememes), i.e., a large semantic field. It is usually regarded as distinct from homonymy.
Modes of adress: Mode of Address is a very important media term. It simply means how the text speaks to the audience, and involves them. It also involves how a text INFLUENCES an audience to respond to a text in a certain way, and that depends on: them.
Hegmony: Hegemony more often refers to the power of a single group in a society to essentially lead and dominate other groups in the society. This might be done by controlling forms of communication, by influencing voters or by influencing government leaders. Some lobbying groups, for example, might have hegemony status over leaders in congress. Rules that would prohibit or limit political spending by special interest groups are designed to reduce their dominance and allow individual voters to have more control.
Versisimilitude:
Juxtaposition: an act or instance of placing close together or side by side, especiall for comparison or contrast.
Semionics: Semiotics, also called semiotic studies or (in the Saussurean tradition) semiology, is the study of signs and sign processes (semiosis), indication, designation, likeness, analogy, metaphor, symbolism, signification, and communication. Semiotics is closely related to the field of linguistics, which, for its part, studies the structure and meaning of language more specifically.
Encode: When something is placed into an item that is either made to not be seen at first glance or to be made noticeable for a certain key point to be made or accomplished once noticed. Incoding can be a way of inserting a message in a hidden way.
Decoding: This is in relation to encoding. This is when something is looked at in high depth to understand its true meaning and to identify what each encoding piece is used for and why it may have been included in the way that is has.
Representation:
Representation refers to the construction in any medium (especially the mass media) of aspects of ‘reality’ such as people, places, objects, events, cultural identities and other abstract concepts. Such representations may be in speech or writing as well as still or moving pictures. The term refers to the processes involved as well as to its products. For instance, in relation to the key markers of identity - Class, Age, Gender and Ethnicity (the 'cage' of identity) - representation involves not only how identities are represented (or rather constructed) within the text but also how they are constructed in the processes of production and reception by people whose identities are also differentially marked in relation to such demographic factors.
Signifier: any material thing that signifies, e.g., words on a page, a facial expression, an image.
Signified: the concept that a signifier refers to.
Indexicl signifier: signs where the signifier is caused by the signified, e.g., smoke signifies fire.
Iconic signs: signs where the signifier resembles the signified, e.g., a picture.
Metonymy: a kind of connotation where in one sign is substituted for another with which it is closely associated, as in the use of Washington for the United States government or of the sword for military power.
Polysemic: is the capacity for a sign (e.g., a word, phrase, etc.) or signs to have multiple meanings (sememes), i.e., a large semantic field. It is usually regarded as distinct from homonymy.
Modes of adress: Mode of Address is a very important media term. It simply means how the text speaks to the audience, and involves them. It also involves how a text INFLUENCES an audience to respond to a text in a certain way, and that depends on: them.
Hegmony: Hegemony more often refers to the power of a single group in a society to essentially lead and dominate other groups in the society. This might be done by controlling forms of communication, by influencing voters or by influencing government leaders. Some lobbying groups, for example, might have hegemony status over leaders in congress. Rules that would prohibit or limit political spending by special interest groups are designed to reduce their dominance and allow individual voters to have more control.
Versisimilitude:
‘appearance of reality’ is called
verisimilitude
This is a convention as there is nothing genuinely ‘realistic’ about media images. There are
two important types of verisimilitude:
generic verisimilitude convinces us because of the genre we are
watching (in horror it seems realistic for a vampire to sink its teeth into a person’s neck);
cultural
verisimilitude seems realistic because it mimics real life.
Class notes
Semiotics: Southern Comfort Ad
Click this link to be taken to my work:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/106380591
Below is my picture with an encoded meaning and purpose to it. It is not easily apparent to notice, but when decoded it could mean possibly more than just one thing but many.
Click this link to be taken to my work:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/106380591
Below is my picture with an encoded meaning and purpose to it. It is not easily apparent to notice, but when decoded it could mean possibly more than just one thing but many.
Audience and Institution
British Film Industry
I personally believe that the British Film industry is a strong competitor in the film industry. Since first starting out with the first moving pictures on a celluloid film being made in 1889 in Hyde Park by William Friese, the film industry in Britain began to grow and continuously develop over the years. Particularly in 1940 where the industry was said to have been at its "golden age" in the UK.
The reason being for this industries success in the UK may be because of various things. One of which being the directors. Some of the worlds best directors have come from the UK such as Alfred Hitchcock and David Lean, who are among the most critically acclaimed of all time. Hitchcock directed films such as the 39 steps in 1935, The ring, whislt David was knighted order of the British Empire in 1984 for his inspirational work. Without directors such as these, it would be hard for the film industry to have ever taken off in the UK, therefore they play a key role in how well the industry can manage. Because of their talent, Britain produced many great films which helped the industry to thrive.
Actors are also a big part to play in the industry. To have good films, as well as directors, you need actors. Over the years, Britain has continuosly produced some top actors including Kate Winslet and Michael Caine. Some actors have starred in American films such as Titanic and Lord of the Rings which are co-productions with American producers. The fact that Britain and America have collaborated to produce and create films is another reason as to why the British industry has been able to grow and develop. However some people often question how much the British industry is characterised by working with European and American industries. I believe that these have positive impacts on our industry rather than negative. Without these other industries working with the British, I think the industry may have found it more difficult to sustain its high title, and that working with other industries can promote the British one by gaining popularity and variety in its film making.
Some of the most commerically successful films of all times have been produced in the UK such as Harry Potter and Jmes Bond which are the two highest-grossing film franchises. The amount of money that this industry generates from films such as these, gives us a look into how much it is valued. In 2009, British film grossed around $2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £944 million in 2009, with around 173 million admissions. This in itself shows how well the industry copes. If it was not managing well, it would be making a lot less money and not benefiting the economy as much as it could.
I think the industry links with people very well in terms of holding prize giving events that are equivalent to the Oscars such as The British Academy Film Awards. This obviously shows that the industry is slightly competitive within itself, yet promotes it at the same time. This also shows that they are proud to 'show-off' the industry by holding such events, which also gives an opportunity to show what Britain has produced whilst connecting other industries together.
Overall I think that the British Film industry is definately a high competitor in the industry. Whether or not it outstands America is hard to tell in terms of the quality it produces. But I believe that it should continue with how it is managing and try to remain an industry to beat.
I personally believe that the British Film industry is a strong competitor in the film industry. Since first starting out with the first moving pictures on a celluloid film being made in 1889 in Hyde Park by William Friese, the film industry in Britain began to grow and continuously develop over the years. Particularly in 1940 where the industry was said to have been at its "golden age" in the UK.
The reason being for this industries success in the UK may be because of various things. One of which being the directors. Some of the worlds best directors have come from the UK such as Alfred Hitchcock and David Lean, who are among the most critically acclaimed of all time. Hitchcock directed films such as the 39 steps in 1935, The ring, whislt David was knighted order of the British Empire in 1984 for his inspirational work. Without directors such as these, it would be hard for the film industry to have ever taken off in the UK, therefore they play a key role in how well the industry can manage. Because of their talent, Britain produced many great films which helped the industry to thrive.
Actors are also a big part to play in the industry. To have good films, as well as directors, you need actors. Over the years, Britain has continuosly produced some top actors including Kate Winslet and Michael Caine. Some actors have starred in American films such as Titanic and Lord of the Rings which are co-productions with American producers. The fact that Britain and America have collaborated to produce and create films is another reason as to why the British industry has been able to grow and develop. However some people often question how much the British industry is characterised by working with European and American industries. I believe that these have positive impacts on our industry rather than negative. Without these other industries working with the British, I think the industry may have found it more difficult to sustain its high title, and that working with other industries can promote the British one by gaining popularity and variety in its film making.
Some of the most commerically successful films of all times have been produced in the UK such as Harry Potter and Jmes Bond which are the two highest-grossing film franchises. The amount of money that this industry generates from films such as these, gives us a look into how much it is valued. In 2009, British film grossed around $2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £944 million in 2009, with around 173 million admissions. This in itself shows how well the industry copes. If it was not managing well, it would be making a lot less money and not benefiting the economy as much as it could.
I think the industry links with people very well in terms of holding prize giving events that are equivalent to the Oscars such as The British Academy Film Awards. This obviously shows that the industry is slightly competitive within itself, yet promotes it at the same time. This also shows that they are proud to 'show-off' the industry by holding such events, which also gives an opportunity to show what Britain has produced whilst connecting other industries together.
Overall I think that the British Film industry is definately a high competitor in the industry. Whether or not it outstands America is hard to tell in terms of the quality it produces. But I believe that it should continue with how it is managing and try to remain an industry to beat.
Moving Image
Practice Papers : http://www.ocr.org.uk/qualifications/type/gce/amlw/media_studies/documents/index.aspx
Video of Monarch of the Glen :
In the clip above, we see a large amount of different camera shots. The use of this creates a manic and busy atmosphere within the audience and suits the scenes well as they are supposedly scary for many characters in this clip.
The first camera shot we see is a medium long shot of the boy with his mum. The fact that we are viewing them as if onlookers through the park gates gives the impression we as an audience are spying on the two characters or may feel threatened to be closer to them. Looking at them with the park gates in the way, creates a sense of wanting to feel proctected by something (such as the fencing used as a divison between us and the characters) or could resemble trying to keep something out. Which generally means it is not welcomed or perhaps not nice, even dangerous if we consider the large dog they have.
This form of camera shot continues as the boy and his mum walk with the dog. When we are shown two other male characters, we see them in a medium shot and with the camera being more steady. Compared to the first camera shot in the first scene, this appears to be less fearful of the two male characters as we can see them clearly and not through a barrier. Thus making them seem more welcoming.
However when we go back to the mum and her son with the dog, the camera goes back to being further away in a medium shot, before panning downwards to get a shot of the dog. As the camera pans, we can see the woman struggling to control the dogs strength as she tugs on the lead whilst showing a frustrated facial expression. This enables the audience to get an idea that the dog is powerful and could be considered dangerous. The fact that we can see the dog is in a harness and a heavy metal chain in the shot, also makes the audience believe the dog could be hard to control and has a lot of strength.
The use of a shot-reverse-shot between three characters is also used in this clip. We can see that when the boy holding the dog goes towards the two boys, we see a medium shot of the dog acting agressive as it is barking and tugging at the leash. We then switch to see the two boys rection in a medium close up, which shows there facial expressions as worried and concerned. The final shot reverse shot is of the boy holding the dog looking angry and irritated, before going back to the two boys. These shots enable the audience to see each characters individual fcial expression whilst also enabling them to see what each one is looking at in the current scene. (Such as the two boys looking at the dog).
In this clip we see a lot of typical tv drama shots. However there are two main different shots that are used consistantly throughout the scene. These include a conbination of a high and low angle shot and a shot reverse shot. The high and low angle shots are used to represent the people in this scene. The two girls taking drugs are viewed from a high angle shot, so we as an audience look as if we are looking down on them. Seeing as they are taking drugs, many people may look down on them in society as drugs are illegal. So they girls may be viewed as immautre for wanting to take them. We are shown them in a high angle shot to resemble what we would think of them.For example, Sam (who is the one viewing down upon them, seems to be more mature for not taking drugs, so looks down upon the other two because of there immaturity and we as an audience view her from a low angle shot, looking upwards towards her. This may resemble the audience thinking of her as a higher role model to the girls and being in a higher status on screen shows her power over the other two, and that she is more responsible.
The next shot is a long continuous use of shot reverse shots. These are commonly used for tv dramas when usually two characters are having a conversation. In this case there are three characters, but the shot reverse shot is still used between the three of them (two characters are generally used per shot revserse shot). This is useful because during the conversation we are able to see who is talking and then the reaction of what the other persons response is. We can see the expressions of the actors whilst they are talking so we can tell what emotion they may be portraying in the scene along with there dialouge. It helps to create a more real life atmosphere.
My own version :
Video of Monarch of the Glen :
Monarch Of the Glen: Re-write Essay
We can clearly see that we are shown the representation of age in the form of binary opposites in this clip of 'Monarch of the Glen'. This is divided into the catergories of young and old, which are demonstrated by the character, Amy, and the other characters which all appear to be of an older age group, mainly shown by Amy's headmaster and the other characters in the scenes.
From the first scene of this clip, we are given an insight into the surroundings of the settings. The characters are shown to be in a rural countryside environment, with many characters of an older generation. The use of mise-en-scene makes it clear that the men are of a mature age due to the clothes and aged features about them. Many have dark grey beards with grey hair, whilst wearing suitable clothes for the countryside environment. That of which being waterproof coats,hats and boots or hard shoes. This allows them to look comfortable and stereotypical to the setting of this scene. The tools that they carry show that they are hard working, and this may resemble there "aged" look due to the stresses of a working lifestyle.
In comparison to what these workers are wearing, the audience may then be alarmed at the presence of Amy. When Amy is first introduced to the scene, she is wearing a bright yellow jumper with jewelery and white trainers. Along with another young man (supposably aged in his late-teens) who appears to be in a hooded jumper and jeans with a t-shirt. These two characters almost instantly seem out of place in this setting of the country-side. As before hand we had only seen elder workers dressed correctly for this environment. This bright yellow jumper particularly singles Amy out from anyone else, as the colour seems almost too colourful compared to what the elder people are wearing. The colour yellow may represent her age as young and fresh, where as the colours of the other workers clothes resemble aged and boring. All of which are opposites which relate to young and old aspects of people.
Another way in which age is shown is by use of camera shots. During the scene of the car crash, there is a medium shot involving the use of steadycam camera movements between four characters, all of different ages. Four characters are used in one particular shot are placed in a certain position which shows meaning to the way they have been set to stand. Paul, a middle aged man around 30-40 appears to be the main dominant character out of the three. This is because of his height and placement in this shot. He is the tallest and is most forward. Behind him, at a much lower level, is the young man from an earlier shot, aged around late teens/early adulthood. Followed by Amy who is at the lowest level, in the comfort of a young/middle-aged woman who almost directly behind Paul. The way this has been put together forms a sort of hiearachy of age and demonstrates how much power and dominance comes with it. Paul being at the front, shows how the middle-aged working class has the main amount authority, giving us the impression he is not affraid or intimidated by Amy's headmaster (who is placed singuarly behind his car). The younger mans position shows that he is second in rank to Paul with the amount of authority he has. He appears to be in securing posistion infront of Amy, whilst also still near Paul to remain in some small authoritive manor. Behind them reamins Amy and the woman. Amy is hugged by this woman, which shows that Amy does not feel at ease to talk or face up to the headmaster and lets Paul do the talking for her. As her true age (16) is realised here, it is clearly made visible that she is the youngest due to the camera shot becoming a close-up on Amy's face. This shows her facial expression to be concerned and worried about the situation she is in, which is why she relies on her older peers to support her.
Editing is also used in this clip in a way which represents age. The scene that clearly shows this is when Amy is being scoulded at by Paul. A shot reverse shot is used (over the shoulder shot) is highly used and defined with both characters. As Amy talks the camera is directed at her from a low angle with the view of Pauls shoulder. We cannot see his face as this makes Amy seem small and more vulnerable. While Paul talks, we can only see the back of Amy's head whilst Paul is in mid-shot. This editing shot reverse shot demonstrates age because it makes Amy appear very small and insignificant compared to Paul who shows his high status and roll as an older person. We as an audience feel how it must be like to be in Amy's position having to look up toward Paul to comfront him. Another scene where editing is used is in Amy's bedroom. A series of pans are used to show us items in Amy's bedroom as she views them. In the first pan, the camera is focused on teddybears,magazines and pjamas. Whilst the second pan is from Amy to her mirror. Who we see is looking at some pictures. These items all show Amy's true age, as we would consider bears and magazines to young children. The bears and pjamas almost portray that Amy acts even younger than 16, so shows that she has an innocent side to her teenage age. We begin to sympathise with her when we see the photo as it shows what she is having to leave behind. In the countryside she has matured, where as now as she is about to leave her bedroom, she goes back to reality of the age she is at.
Sound is a key factor that changes the atmosphere from one scene to another in this clip. A sound bridge edit is used between the scene above, to an establishing shot of the countryside and a rainbow. The music non-digetic and is jolly which fits with the country style theme and the way that the workers scurry around bussily. They seem happy and content with what they are doing and the music resembles this. However as we move to the scene of Amy in her bedroom, the music turns into a slow playing flute in a sad and mellow tune. This makes the atmosphere turn from happy to sad, and whilst Amy looks over items in her room such as pictures, we begin to feel sympathy for her. She has tried to mature by helping and working with Paul, yet has been turned away to go back to school. Although running away from school may make Amy appear foolish, she demonstrates that she is helpful by giving Paul a hand. She also seems caring as she leaves gifts for two girls on her bed. The innocence of the room mixed with the non-digetic music continues to make the audience feel sorry for Amy as we see her as just a young teenager with no-where to go and who has been sent away by the dominating older person, Paul.
25/09/2012
Camera Shots: Below is a link to my work which demonstrates different camera shots
In the clip above, we see a large amount of different camera shots. The use of this creates a manic and busy atmosphere within the audience and suits the scenes well as they are supposedly scary for many characters in this clip.
The first camera shot we see is a medium long shot of the boy with his mum. The fact that we are viewing them as if onlookers through the park gates gives the impression we as an audience are spying on the two characters or may feel threatened to be closer to them. Looking at them with the park gates in the way, creates a sense of wanting to feel proctected by something (such as the fencing used as a divison between us and the characters) or could resemble trying to keep something out. Which generally means it is not welcomed or perhaps not nice, even dangerous if we consider the large dog they have.
This form of camera shot continues as the boy and his mum walk with the dog. When we are shown two other male characters, we see them in a medium shot and with the camera being more steady. Compared to the first camera shot in the first scene, this appears to be less fearful of the two male characters as we can see them clearly and not through a barrier. Thus making them seem more welcoming.
However when we go back to the mum and her son with the dog, the camera goes back to being further away in a medium shot, before panning downwards to get a shot of the dog. As the camera pans, we can see the woman struggling to control the dogs strength as she tugs on the lead whilst showing a frustrated facial expression. This enables the audience to get an idea that the dog is powerful and could be considered dangerous. The fact that we can see the dog is in a harness and a heavy metal chain in the shot, also makes the audience believe the dog could be hard to control and has a lot of strength.
The use of a shot-reverse-shot between three characters is also used in this clip. We can see that when the boy holding the dog goes towards the two boys, we see a medium shot of the dog acting agressive as it is barking and tugging at the leash. We then switch to see the two boys rection in a medium close up, which shows there facial expressions as worried and concerned. The final shot reverse shot is of the boy holding the dog looking angry and irritated, before going back to the two boys. These shots enable the audience to see each characters individual fcial expression whilst also enabling them to see what each one is looking at in the current scene. (Such as the two boys looking at the dog).
Above is my group video of using different camera shots.
Below is a clip from waterloo road:
In this clip we see a lot of typical tv drama shots. However there are two main different shots that are used consistantly throughout the scene. These include a conbination of a high and low angle shot and a shot reverse shot. The high and low angle shots are used to represent the people in this scene. The two girls taking drugs are viewed from a high angle shot, so we as an audience look as if we are looking down on them. Seeing as they are taking drugs, many people may look down on them in society as drugs are illegal. So they girls may be viewed as immautre for wanting to take them. We are shown them in a high angle shot to resemble what we would think of them.For example, Sam (who is the one viewing down upon them, seems to be more mature for not taking drugs, so looks down upon the other two because of there immaturity and we as an audience view her from a low angle shot, looking upwards towards her. This may resemble the audience thinking of her as a higher role model to the girls and being in a higher status on screen shows her power over the other two, and that she is more responsible.
The next shot is a long continuous use of shot reverse shots. These are commonly used for tv dramas when usually two characters are having a conversation. In this case there are three characters, but the shot reverse shot is still used between the three of them (two characters are generally used per shot revserse shot). This is useful because during the conversation we are able to see who is talking and then the reaction of what the other persons response is. We can see the expressions of the actors whilst they are talking so we can tell what emotion they may be portraying in the scene along with there dialouge. It helps to create a more real life atmosphere.
My own version :
Wednesday, 5 September 2012
Independant research
First Blog for Media!
Based on an article that I read online: Disney topper points to Indian opportunities
It's nice to hear that the film industry in India is potentially developing after Walt Disney Co.India was formed in January this year. This has made it the leading film studio in the subcontinent and has been said to provide a "phenomenal opportunity for incomes to grow".
Technology has also enabled the film industry in India to develop as there are now around 100 million smartphones being used in India, which can be used to further expand the film industry as the market for content watched on smartphones is expanding.
I think that the film industry should cope very well in India and provide many opportunites for the future!
One of these people included the Ambassador of Libya, who was attacked by an angry mob whilst they blasted rocket propelled grenades and the U.S embassy in the Libyan capital. It all started due the making of a small film called "the innocence of Islam" which involved many negative views about the profit Muhammed. This in turn upset many people who then caused riots throughout Egypt and Libya.
I think that this was a terrible thing to have happened, especially as everyone who was killed was not even involved in the making of this film. At the same time I believe the film is disrespectful to the religion and those who believe and follow it. This shows just how easy it is to have a certain view shown through the film industry and just how much of an impact it can have on people, to the extent that lives are taken.
The film ' Hotel Transylvania' from Sony sets records for September as it tops $43 millon at the box office in the USA. It was only predicted to make around $30 million however has clearly gone beyond this as this family film hits the big screens. Its second rival is the latest film 'Looper' which has so far managed to gain $21.2 million which has also overperformed.
LONDON - The Walt Disney Co. has extended a $1.7 billion loan to European theme park operator Euro Disney, in which it owns a 39.8 percent stake, to help it refinance its debt.
The France-based company is the operator of Disneyland Paris. Saudi Prince Alwaleed also owns a 10 percent stake in the firm.
Credit ratings agency Moody's said the entertainment conglomerate's debt ratings would not be negatively impacted by the loan.
Disney will replace Euro Disney's existing debt with the loan, which is expected to be paid back over a longer period and carry a lower interest rate than the firm's existing debt to give it more financial flexibility.
"This refinancing will enable us to reduce our financing costs and give us greater investment and operational flexibility," Euro Disney CEO Philippe Gas said.
The number of UK films has grown from an average of 43 in the 1980s to 136 in the 2000s, according to report author Oxford Economics, a global forecaster.
The economy was worth about £1.5 trillion in 2011, with UK film accounting for 0.3% of GDP last year.
The GDP is a measure of the value of goods and services produced in the economy.
The report said UK box office receipts hit a record high last year of £410m, boosted by films including Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 and Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, plus independent films such as The King's Speech and The Inbetweeners Movie.
The Independent's Geoffrey McNab said: "If not a full blown triumph, this is certainly one of the best Bonds in recent memory."
I always personally though the James Bond films would one day fizzle out because of repetition with the stories. However from the newest reviews of the latest one out, it seems that this is not the case looking at the so-far reviews that it has got.
Interesting video above about how well and important the Asian film industry is doing. It highlights some key points about why it has done so well and why it is so popular.
An independent British film company has won funding for six productions with a combined budget of $155m (£96m), the Observer can reveal.The company's financial model is unusual in that investors are offered all six movies, spreading the risk significantly beyond the usual single film, and with a "transparency" that seeks to reassure investors stung by notorious abuses of tax schemes involving film investment.The producer, Miriam Segal, has a track record that includes the award-winning Love is the Devil, with Derek Jacobi as artist Francis Bacon, and Good, CP Taylor's Nazi drama with Oscar-nominated Viggo Mortensen.One of the films, a £21m production entitled The Infiltrator, features a story of greed and deception surrounding the collapse of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International amid fraud allegations. "It's 23 years old now, but has great contemporary resonance," she said. Others include a murder story, a drama about economic migrants, and an urban thriller with budgets of £15m, £8m and £11m. "Anything over £9m outside a studio is a big thing in Britain," Segal said. Although a company such as Working Title, whose films include Notting Hill, also has a slate, they are backed by Universal, the US film giant.
Creator of the Star Wars films, George Lucas, signs an agreement to sell his company, Lucasfilm, to the Walt Disney Company. Lucas says he is confident Disney will take good care of the franchise. Disney has announced it plans to release a new Star Wars film every two to three years after bringing out Star Wars Episode 7 in 2015.
The United Kingdom has had a significant film industry for over a century. While film productiion reached an all-time high in 1936, the 'golden age' of British cinema is usually thought to have occurred in the 1940s, during which the directors David Lean, Michael Powell, and Carol Reed produced their most highly acclaimed work. Many British actors have achieved international fame and critical success, including Michael Caine, Sean Connery and Kate Winslet. Some of the most commercially successful films of all films have been produced in the United Kingdom, including the two highest-grossing film series (Harry Potter and James Bond). The identity of the British industry, and its relationship with Hollywood, has been the subject of debate. The history of film production in Britain has often been affected by attempts to compete with the American industry. The career of the producer Alexander Korda was marked by this objective, the Rank Organisation attempted to do so in the 1940s, and Goldcrest in the 1980s. Numerous British-born directors, including Alfred Hitchcock and Ridley Scott, and performers, such as Charlie Chaplin and Cary Grant, have achieved success primarily through their work in the United States. Many British films are co-productions with American producers, often using mixed British and American crews and casts.In 2009 British films grossed around $2 billion worldwide and achieved a market share of around 7% globally and 17% in the United Kingdom. UK box-office takings totalled £944 million in 2009, with around 173 million admissions.
British film over the next 12 months:
14/12/2012
Directors view of British film
15/12/2012
Based on an article that I read online: Disney topper points to Indian opportunities
It's nice to hear that the film industry in India is potentially developing after Walt Disney Co.India was formed in January this year. This has made it the leading film studio in the subcontinent and has been said to provide a "phenomenal opportunity for incomes to grow".
Technology has also enabled the film industry in India to develop as there are now around 100 million smartphones being used in India, which can be used to further expand the film industry as the market for content watched on smartphones is expanding.
I think that the film industry should cope very well in India and provide many opportunites for the future!
Independant research 2: Film causes death of 4 peopleOne of these people included the Ambassador of Libya, who was attacked by an angry mob whilst they blasted rocket propelled grenades and the U.S embassy in the Libyan capital. It all started due the making of a small film called "the innocence of Islam" which involved many negative views about the profit Muhammed. This in turn upset many people who then caused riots throughout Egypt and Libya.
I think that this was a terrible thing to have happened, especially as everyone who was killed was not even involved in the making of this film. At the same time I believe the film is disrespectful to the religion and those who believe and follow it. This shows just how easy it is to have a certain view shown through the film industry and just how much of an impact it can have on people, to the extent that lives are taken.
The film ' Hotel Transylvania' from Sony sets records for September as it tops $43 millon at the box office in the USA. It was only predicted to make around $30 million however has clearly gone beyond this as this family film hits the big screens. Its second rival is the latest film 'Looper' which has so far managed to gain $21.2 million which has also overperformed.
LONDON - The Walt Disney Co. has extended a $1.7 billion loan to European theme park operator Euro Disney, in which it owns a 39.8 percent stake, to help it refinance its debt.
The France-based company is the operator of Disneyland Paris. Saudi Prince Alwaleed also owns a 10 percent stake in the firm.
Credit ratings agency Moody's said the entertainment conglomerate's debt ratings would not be negatively impacted by the loan.
Disney will replace Euro Disney's existing debt with the loan, which is expected to be paid back over a longer period and carry a lower interest rate than the firm's existing debt to give it more financial flexibility.
"This refinancing will enable us to reduce our financing costs and give us greater investment and operational flexibility," Euro Disney CEO Philippe Gas said.
Harry Potter and the deathly hallows part two was the biggest film of 2011 at the UK box office
The UK film industry contributed more than £4.6bn towards the UK GDP (Gross Domestic Product) in 2011, according to an independent report.
It said the industry has "grown significantly" in the last 20 years.The number of UK films has grown from an average of 43 in the 1980s to 136 in the 2000s, according to report author Oxford Economics, a global forecaster.
The economy was worth about £1.5 trillion in 2011, with UK film accounting for 0.3% of GDP last year.
The GDP is a measure of the value of goods and services produced in the economy.
The report said UK box office receipts hit a record high last year of £410m, boosted by films including Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows: Part 2 and Sherlock Holmes: A Game of Shadows, plus independent films such as The King's Speech and The Inbetweeners Movie.
The latest James Bond film Skyfall has been praised by critics, with some hailing it "the best Bond ever".
Starring Daniel Craig in his third outing as 007, the 23rd film in the franchise has been directed by Oscar winner Sam Mendes.The Independent's Geoffrey McNab said: "If not a full blown triumph, this is certainly one of the best Bonds in recent memory."
I always personally though the James Bond films would one day fizzle out because of repetition with the stories. However from the newest reviews of the latest one out, it seems that this is not the case looking at the so-far reviews that it has got.
Interesting video above about how well and important the Asian film industry is doing. It highlights some key points about why it has done so well and why it is so popular.
An independent British film company has won funding for six productions with a combined budget of $155m (£96m), the Observer can reveal.The company's financial model is unusual in that investors are offered all six movies, spreading the risk significantly beyond the usual single film, and with a "transparency" that seeks to reassure investors stung by notorious abuses of tax schemes involving film investment.The producer, Miriam Segal, has a track record that includes the award-winning Love is the Devil, with Derek Jacobi as artist Francis Bacon, and Good, CP Taylor's Nazi drama with Oscar-nominated Viggo Mortensen.One of the films, a £21m production entitled The Infiltrator, features a story of greed and deception surrounding the collapse of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International amid fraud allegations. "It's 23 years old now, but has great contemporary resonance," she said. Others include a murder story, a drama about economic migrants, and an urban thriller with budgets of £15m, £8m and £11m. "Anything over £9m outside a studio is a big thing in Britain," Segal said. Although a company such as Working Title, whose films include Notting Hill, also has a slate, they are backed by Universal, the US film giant.
Creator of the Star Wars films, George Lucas, signs an agreement to sell his company, Lucasfilm, to the Walt Disney Company. Lucas says he is confident Disney will take good care of the franchise. Disney has announced it plans to release a new Star Wars film every two to three years after bringing out Star Wars Episode 7 in 2015.
Hasbro are well known for being manufacturers of board games such as hungry hungry hippos. However they have now set a goal to create a film based on the game as well as including monopoly and childs doll Action Man. Hasbro has been inspired by the multibillion-dollar success of its Transformers franchise in the hands of Michael Bay, and apparently has not let Battleship's disappointing $300m (on a $200m budget) haul earlier this year upset its plans for worldwide domination.The latest proposal to bring its range to cinemas has been hatched in partnership with Hollywood film production company Emmett/Furla, which says it will make three movies in the next two years.
General information about the British film industry that I discovered on wikipedia:
British film over the next 12 months:
Wednesday, 3 October 2012
The BFI is investing almost £500 million in UK film over the next five years to help drive industry growth, build audiences and a vibrant film culture and sow the seeds of the future in a bold new plan announced today.
Film Forever: Supporting UK Film 2012-2017 outlines the BFI’s three key strategic priorities, funded by a combination of Grant in Aid, the BFI’s earned income and National Lottery funding, as:
Film Forever: Supporting UK Film 2012-2017 outlines the BFI’s three key strategic priorities, funded by a combination of Grant in Aid, the BFI’s earned income and National Lottery funding, as:
- Education and audiences – with an annual investment of £44.2m
- British film and filmmaking with an investment of £32.3m per year
- Film heritage with an investment of £9.9m per year
With film industry growth currently outstripping the economy as a whole, we want to invest to ensure continued success. A central part of Film Forever is to nurture business growth and cultural vibrancy across the whole of the UK, with a particular emphasis outside London. This is a real moment for film and a bold long term vision for the sector and I look forward to us from today turning all the discussion into action.BFI CEO, Amanda Nevill said:
Film Forever is founded on a renewed commitment to the future – the future generation of audiences, the future generation of filmmakers and the opportunities presented by digital technologies. We are investing where we think we can most make a difference, where we see potential for creative excellence and where we can be the supportive catalyst for change, innovation, business growth and jobs.
14/12/2012
Directors view of British film
15/12/2012
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